 01 实现第一颗灯泡的点亮)
本次学习与开发基于CubeMX与HAL库,故我们可以一起学习到CucMX的使用，现在让我们开始点亮灯泡。
一、CubMX的基础配置
首先是SYS的配置，一定要选Serial Wire串行线调试，否则烧录一次之后STM32开发板会锁住，我就犯过这个错误。
然后是时间基准是系统滴答默认即可，但如果是用FreeRTOS系统就不能用这个SysTick，因为FreeRTOS也需要SysTick作为时间基准，最好用TIM4高级定时器作为时间基准。
然后是HSE高速外部时钟打开为外部晶振，这样子精度高一点。
HCLK设置为72MHZ,然后按两下回车自动帮你配置好时钟设置。
给工程取名字和文件的存放位置，然后是IDE选择为MKD-ARM,就是用的Keil,然后选择版本
最后推荐为每个外设单独设置文件，这样子可以直观的看到每个文件的参数。
以上就是创建工程的流程
二、点亮LED
点一下PA1，将其设置为output模式，CubMX会自动将其配置为输出模式，当然可以选择上下拉和输出模式。然后就可以生成代码。
三、代码块
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header *//** ****************************************************************************** * @file : main.c * @brief : Main program body ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (c) 2026 STMicroelectronics. * All rights reserved. * * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file * in the root directory of this software component. * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS. * ****************************************************************************** *//* USER CODE END Header *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/#include"main.h"#include"gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN Includes *//* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PD *//* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/voidSystemClock_Config(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *//* USER CODE END 0 *//** * @brief The application entry point. * @retval int */intmain(void){/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *//* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while(1){HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_1,GPIO_PIN_SET);HAL_Delay(500);HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_1,GPIO_PIN_RESET);HAL_Delay(500);/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */}/** * @brief System Clock Configuration * @retval None */voidSystemClock_Config(void){RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct={0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct={0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure. */RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType=RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState=RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue=RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState=RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState=RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource=RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL=RCC_PLL_MUL9;if(HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct)!=HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks */RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType=RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource=RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider=RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider=RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider=RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if(HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct,FLASH_LATENCY_2)!=HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//** * @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence. * @retval None */voidError_Handler(void){/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while(1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */}#ifdefUSE_FULL_ASSERT/** * @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number * where the assert_param error has occurred. * @param file: pointer to the source file name * @param line: assert_param error line source number * @retval None */voidassert_failed(uint8_t*file,uint32_tline){/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number, ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */}#endif/* USE_FULL_ASSERT */四、总结
学习了几个常见的HAL库函数
HAL_GPIO_WritePin：指定电平为高电平或者低电平
HAL_Delay：延时函数，单位是毫秒
